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Boys in Girls’ Sports Is a Loser in Court
The Supreme Court appears poised to uphold state bans on biological males competing in women’s sports, writes Jed Rubenfeld. (Joe Pugliese/The Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)
The Supreme Court will likely let states bar trans athletes from public-school teams, though a few questions still loom.
By Jed Rubenfeld
01.14.26 — U.S. Politics
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Allowing biological males to compete in women’s and girls’ sports is no longer a partisan issue in America. According to recent surveys, some 75 to 79 percent of Americans oppose it. Even two-thirds of Generation Z oppose it. The NCAA and other major sports organizations now oppose it as well.

In other words, the madness of letting biological men and boys compete against—and sometimes physically injure—women and girls is now widely recognized. Yet two federal appellate courts held in 2024 that states are unable to stop this madness. These courts enjoined laws passed in Idaho and West Virginia that barred biological boys from competing on girls’ sports teams.

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The Supreme Court heard arguments in those cases Tuesday and looks poised to reverse the appellate rulings. That makes sense because, putting ideology aside, the legal arguments lean so heavily in favor of Idaho and West Virginia. But a sharp line of questioning opened up by Justice Elena Kagan complicates the matter.

The plaintiffs are biological boys who transitioned. They assert a right to play on girls’ sports teams. Their constitutional argument is twofold.

First, the plaintiffs say that Idaho and West Virginia are discriminating against them based on their transgender status. This is a very weak argument.

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Jed Rubenfeld
Jed Rubenfeld is a professor of constitutional law at Yale Law School, a free speech lawyer, and host of the Straight Down the Middle podcast. He is the author of five books, including the million-copy bestselling novel The Interpretation of Murder, and his work has been translated into over thirty languages. He lives with his wife, Amy Chua, in New York City, and is the proud father of two exceptional daughters, Sophia and Lulu.
Tags:
Supreme Court
Law
Gender
Sports
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